As the kerfuffle surrounding Oklahoma’s sudden desire to de-thinkerize APUSH started making headlines this past week, NPR made a visit to the classroom of Christine Custred of Edmond, OK. The audio and transcript of the resulting piece is worth a listen and a read if you haven’t already done so.
One of the central issues, of course, is the belief by some on the right that the new APUSH course outline doesn’t sufficiently emphasize American Exceptionalism – the belief we are unique and awesome in ways others can only long for. Everyone wants to either be us or blow us up – either way, must be because we’re awesome.
Custred managed one of my favorite understated rebuffs of this century when she slid in this bit:
In most places in the world, you’ll be hauled off by some kind of Gestapo if you criticize the country and/or government, and that is exceptional that we can do that.
A few days later, still apparently fuming over state efforts to make our kids LESS prepared to function outside the Dollar General or local feed store, she posted this to her Facebook page. It is reprinted with permission here.
TOP TEN REASONS AMERICA IS EXCEPTIONAL
1. Separation of church and state. Our Founding Fathers ensured this for us. A cursory knowledge of history and current world governments (and the Puritans) enlightens us to why this us so very important.
2. The Zenger trial led the way for the 1st amendment which allows Americans to safely criticize their government.
3. As a result of our free speech, history teachers can teach all of American History (the good, the bad, and the ugly). Try doing that in North Korea. Wait, don’t.
4. America educates all of its citizens. Simply AMAZING.
5. America has a very sad and tragic history with regard to civil rights and the mistreatment of ethnic and racial minorities. But because of our 1st amendment (again, thank you Founding Fathers) demonstrations and criticism led to significant changes. We still have gains to make on this front but we now have an African American president. Really think about that.
6. Students in America will learn about that sad and tragic history.
7. There is a shop that sells cupcakes across the street from my school. They haven’t gone out of business. It seems crazy that someone would pay $4.00 for a cupcake. You go free market and the American Dream.
8. Anthropologie
9. My daughters can go to school without fear of being shot in the face. They can achieve and aim for things that would never have been available to them 100 years ago or currently in many countries of the world. The same goes for your daughters.
10. An average girl from the great state of Minnesota, who was told by her high school counselor that a community college was her only option (remember that Thomas Legierski and Marie Legierski?) can become an advocate for education.
Feel free to share your lists as well, if you prefer. Personally, I’m having a hard time topping this one.
I’m going to try to cover the House version of the ‘Smother APUSH With Documents’ bill without the oppressive word count of my post on the Senate version.
I am not optimistic.
The full text of this bill is available here and here.
STATE OF OKLAHOMA
1st Session of the 55th Legislature (2015)
HOUSE BILL 1380
By: Fisher
I don’t actually know much about Mr. Fisher, but this bit from what appears to be his website is, well… terrifying:
Dan has a Passion for communicating God’s truth to this culture of “political correctness” and with America’s increasing “drift” from its founding principles and its Christian roots, he has become even more committed to helping return America to its faith. He is on the boards of Bott Christian Radio Network, Reclaiming America for Christ, and Vision America, a ministry of evangelist Rick Scarborough based in Houston, TX. Dan is also on the leadership team of the OKC Tea Party and is frequent speaker at tea party rallies around the state. He is a published author and has a national speaking ministry.
Bringing Back the Black Robed Regiment:
In the past few years, Dan has traveled the country presenting the messages “Seven Lies We’re Being Told About America” and “Bringing Back the Black Robed Regiment”. “Seven Lies” is a presentation that addresses the attacks being launched against America’s Christian heritage by the “politically correct” progressives. It proves beyond a “shadow of a doubt” that Christians founded America – not atheists and deists, and that the Founders wanted a country where Christianity would have a strong impact – not a country where faith and government would be divided by a “strict separation of church and state”.
So that can’t possibly go badly.
I am not against challenging our current interpretations of history, any more than I’m against challenging our current understanding of evolution or climate change. Live it up, ‘Merica.
I am against legislating out of dogmatic conviction or rewriting the past to fit our current evangelical or political agenda. There is no Biblical scenario in which obscuring or avoiding the truth sets us free.
I am against crusades to reclaim the metaphorical Holy Land via hacking away at public education.
I am against imprisoning Galileo for claiming the sun does not revolve around the earth as per contemporaneous interpretations of the sacred texts.
I am against starting with your desired outcome and mutilating reality as necessary to get there. I am against using state tax dollars and our legislative branch to act as a sort of Spanish Inquisition against inquiry and other points of view.
I told you I was going to blow it on the word count.
Back to 1380:
An Act relating to schools; directing the State Board of Education to adopt a certain United States History program and assessment; requiring United States History courses to include the study of certain documents; listing the documents; amending 70 O.S. 2011, Section 1210.703, which relates to financial incentives awarded to schools under the Oklahoma Advanced Placement Incentive Program; prohibiting the awarding of grants or expenditure of money for any Advanced Placement United States History course until certain conditions are met; providing for codification; providing an effective date; and declaring an emergency.
Positives so far: only one use of the word ‘certain’ instead of just saying what you mean.
Negatives so far: we’re still declaring an ‘emergency’. Are all state legislators former meteorologists?
A. By the 2015 – 2016 school year, the State Board of Education shall identify and adopt a United States History program and corresponding test which school districts shall offer in lieu of the Advanced Placement United States History course and test. The program and test shall not contradict or conflict with the subject matter standards for United States History adopted by the Board.
I discussed the improbability of this last time. I’m still amazed this can be proposed with a straight face – it’s either that delusional or that cynically deceptive.
B. Any United States History course offered in schools in the state, including Honors and Advanced Placement courses shall include as part of the primary instruction the appropriate grade-level study of the following foundational and historical documents:
At least they used the same source for their list of America’s Best 1000 Documents. I’ll skip most of these.
4. Founding documents of the United States that contributed to the foundation or maintenance of the representative form of limited government, the free-market economic system and American exceptionalism;
Don’t forget “states’ rights.”
7. Acts of the United States Congress, including the published text of the Congressional Record;
How did I miss this in the other version? I was apparently distracted by the inclusion of everything every President ever has ever written, said, or done. If there’s a way to top that, it has to be requiring the entirety of Congressional Records for the same time period.
I’m going to need to ask my principal for more copies on the big machine downstairs.
It’s ironic, really, given that members of Congress don’t even read the stuff they pass, that we’d require it of 16-year olds. Then again, if they’re busy reading the Congressional Record, they won’t have time to question why we have a Legislature made up of members who don’t even read the stuff they pass.
h. portions of the book titled “The Grapes of Wrath” written by John Steinbeck,
Socialists and boobies, my friends – required by law. You read it here first.
Just wait until Sally Kern finds out!
qq. the letter known as the “Letter from Birmingham Jail” written by Martin Luther King, Jr.,
rr. the I Have a Dream speech made by Martin Luther King, Jr.,
Hey, a second MLK document in this one! Representative Fisher can claim with mathematical accuracy to have pushed for 25% MORE documents by famous Black Americans than the Senator. And he included the one promoting minorities stirring up trouble when injustice prevails!
Obviously he hasn’t read his own list any more than the Senator read his. Oh well…
SECTION 2. AMENDATORY 70 O.S. 2011, Section 1210.703, is amended to read as follows:
Section 1210.703
A. Contingent upon the provision of appropriated funds designated for the Oklahoma Advanced Placement Incentive Program, the State Board of Education is hereby authorized to award schools:
1. A one-time equipment and/or instructional materials grant for the purpose of providing an advanced placement course, based on criteria established by the Department. Schools which receive the grants shall:
a. offer the advanced placement courses beginning the school year following receipt of the grant,
b. provide the College Board training within one (1) year of the grant award, including at least a one-week summer institute. Teachers shall be encouraged to attend annual follow-up training, and
c. make available advanced placement examinations to all students taking the course for which a grant has been awarded;
2. Additional grants to school sites demonstrating successful implementation, as defined by the State Board of Education, of the courses for which the first grants were awarded. Schools may qualify for additional grants a minimum of four (4) years after receiving a grant award;
3. Subsidized training for advanced placement courses, preadvanced placement courses, or International Baccalaureate courses in a form, manner and time prescribed by the Department;
4. One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) for each score of three or better on an advanced placement test or four or better on an International Baccalaureate examination; provided, these funds shall be used for the purpose of Advanced Placement Program development;
5. For those students who demonstrate financial need as defined by the College Board or the International Baccalaureate Organization, a share of the advanced placement or International Baccalaureate test fee;
6. For those students who take more than one advanced placement or International Baccalaureate test in one (1) year, a share of the advanced placement test or International Baccalaureate fee in a manner prescribed by the Board; and
7. Grants for the purpose of developing an advanced placement vertical team based on criteria established by the Board.
B. Upon completion of the test, the State Department of Education shall obtain from the College Board and the International Baccalaureate Organization a list of students in Oklahoma who scored a three or higher on the advanced placement test or a four or higher on the International Baccalaureate test. Financial incentives for schools provided in this section shall be awarded at the beginning of the next school year following the school year in which the test was taken.
C. Any new expenditure authorized pursuant to Section 1210.701et seq. of this title shall be contingent upon the availability of funds.
Well, that certainly sounds supportive, doesn’t it? Except that’s what the law ALREADY says. This token bit of support for AP and IB has been around for several year. Here’s the NEW part Rep. Fisher wants to add:
D. Beginning with the 2015-2016 school year, the Board shall not award any grants to school districts or make any expenditure of state funds as authorized pursuant to this section for equipment, instructional materials, course development, professional development or training, examination awards or examination scholarships for the Advanced Placement United States History course until the College Board changes the framework for the course and reverts back to the course framework and examination that were used prior to the 2014-2015 school year.
In other words, if the College Board doesn’t meet our demands, we’re taking our already deflated money bags and refusing to play anymore. Just as with the other version of the bill, there is no spin or interpretation – however full of goodwill towards men – which can render this both reasonable and well-intentioned.
This either demonstrates of level of unfamiliarity with how the education world – or any world, really – works (unforgiveable if we’re so presumptuous as to legislate about it), or a brazen manipulation of the legislative process to deceive the ignorant and the agitated for self-aggrandizement and gain.
If you can possibly spin this more positively, please do so in the Comments below. I’d love to find another option – seriously.
SECTION 4. It being immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health and safety, an emergency is hereby declared to exist, by reason whereof this act shall take effect and be in full force from and after its passage and approval.
This Section, as with the comparable section in the Senate version, is what we in the idealist world of public education call “blatantly untrue” – what the commoners call “a lie”, or more colloquially, “bullsh*t.”
The preservation of public peace, health, and safety? Really? An EMERGENCY?
Now, now, Blue – these are just things legislators have to say to get things passed. They don’t actually mean what they sound like they mean. It’s something you have to say to play the game and navigate the rules – you can’t read it literally. You have to read past what it says and understand what they really mean.
I confess to some uncertainty regarding how things ‘work’ in the Oklahoma legislature, but if I’m reading the shorthand correctly, both of the bills regarding APUSH I’ve recently discussed – one in the House, one in the Senate – were officially presented tomorrow, February 2nd, 2015.
So, time travel?
Let’s see if we can decipher any of this, shall we? I’m only citing excerpts – the full text is available here or here.
SENATE BILL 650 By:Brecheen AS INTRODUCED
An Act relating to schools; prohibiting state funds from being used to support –
Well, that already pretty much sums up MOST of what our legislature does in regards to public ed, isn’t it? “prohibit state funds from being used to support”?
An Act relating to schools; prohibiting state funds from being used to support certain U.S. history courses; prohibiting the State Board of Education from awarding certain grants until certain course framework reverts to framework in place at certain time; directing the State Board of Education by certain date to adopt certain history program; establishing criteria for program; allowing display of certain grade-level documents; providing for codification; providing an effective date; and declaring an EMERGENCY.
I assume this is just standard legal speak, but how convoluted is that? It’s like certain legislators want to take certain steps to make certain that certain average constituents are unable to decipher certain things about what they’re certainly talking about because of certain potential reactions to what certain bullsh*it it is.
Pardon me – what certain EMERGENCY bullsh*t it is.
This would be a good time to revisitOrwell’s thoughts on political-speak. I’ll wait.
Ready to continue? OK.
A. No state funds shall be used to support advanced placement U.S. history courses in Oklahoma schools as the courses are designed as of the effective date of this act.
B. Beginning with the 2015-2016 school year, the State Board of Education shall not award any grants to school districts or make any expenditure of state funds, as authorized by Section 1210.703 of Title 70 of the Oklahoma Statutes, for equipment, instructional materials, course development, professional development or training, examination awards or examination scholarships for advanced placement U.S. history courses until the framework for the course is changed and reverts back to the course framework and examination that were used prior to the 2014-2015 school year.
When all you have is an ideological hammer, every issue is a conspiratorial nail. I don’t know how many nickels we’re throwing into APUSH currently, but it can’t be substantial. Maybe someone can officially look that up for us and post it in the Comments below.
In plain English, they want to kill AP U.S. History across the state until the College Board reverts back to the prior course outline. We’re counting on national reverence for Oklahoma’s leadership in intellectual development and our fiscal commitment to public education to do what Texas could not – blackmail and extort a multi-national organization for whom Oklahomans make up approximately .0043% of users.
Okla-who-ma?
This is delusional to the point of pathetic. Once again the question is begged – are they that ignorant, or do they assume we are? Are they incompetent, or merely exploiting the fact that those who elect them are easily manipulated?
There is no scenario in which this bill is both reasonable AND well-intentioned. Its author is either knowingly pushing nonsense legislation (what we in the old country call ‘lying’), or so out of touch with reality that for his own safety he should not be left unattended.
I can’t find another way to interpret this, whether one agrees with its goals or not.
This isn’t a political ideology thing, like should we adjust food stamps or the minimum wage. This is like proposing legislation that unless Egypt becomes a full-fledged Christian democracy speaking only English, Oklahoma will refuse to let little children study the pyramids in school.
C. Prior to the 2015-2016 school year, the State Board of Education shall identify and adopt an advanced placement U.S. history program and corresponding assessment that:
1. Are not in contradiction with the subject matter standards for U.S. history adopted by the State Board of Education; and
2. Include the following foundational and historical documents as part of the primary instruction in any U.S. history, honors U.S. history, and advanced placement U.S. history course offered in Oklahoma public schools:
…and then a list of 4837 essential American documents.
This is getting to be a running joke in Oklahoma – the “We’ll make our OWN test! It’ll be gooder and bigger and purdier!” theme.
How many sets of standards has Oklahoma written or planned to write just in the last decade or two? Which of them turned out so well we’re ready to flaunt them?
That silly lil’ College Board – love them or hate them – has been doing this for about 60 years now, and spends ungodly amounts of time and money and research and field testing and data analysis and pretty much lives for this stuff because it’s WHAT THEY DO with a staff of hundreds and a budget of zillions.
The APUSH rewrite alone took more man hours than going to the moon the first time. (I just made that up to support my point; I think it’s important to speak the language of those with whom you disagree.)
But we need an issue, so we’ll plan on gathering up a few locals from the districts we like, maybe Stan from bowling league, a few reps from the major corporations, and book the Holiday Inn conference room for a day and a half – that oughta knock out something comparable. Heck, to show we’re serious we may allocate for a few two-liters of store-brand soda if the committee members want to take up a collection to order Subway for lunch.
You can like APUSH or hate it. You can lean as far left or right as you wish. But this bill makes no sense. It’s worth questioning why it’s being pushed, if what it proposes is neither sincere nor plausible.
Now, those documents…
a. organic documents from the pre-Colonial, Colonial, Revolutionary, Federalist, and post-Federalist eras of the United States,
I dare anyone involved in this legislation to tell me what this means. I’d LOVE 3-4 examples of WHICH documents this would include, and why they’re not listed by name.
b. major principles in the Federalist Papers,
This is a semester’s worth of study all by itself. If you’re not familiar with the Federalist Papers, Google them for some good times. Great stuff, but I make the same dare to those pushing this law. What ARE the major principles of the Federalist Papers, according to you? No checking Wikipedia – if you feel strongly enough to legislate them, you should know what they say.
c. the writings, speeches, documents, and proclamations of the founders and presidents of the United States,
Marinate in that for a moment. Every speech, letter, diary, order, or other word or action of every significant founder and every President ever. That’s better than the pre-Colonial and post-Federalist thing. I can’t believe they left out blood and urine samples – you know, just to bring history to life.
I suppose he might only mean that he’d like to see more documents used in the study of history – that we learn to navigate primary sources, analyze them, question them, evaluate them, and synthesize them into meaningful interpretations and arguments. If so, that’s unfortunate because (a) that’s not what this bill actually says, and the point of written laws is that they’re written, and (b) that’s what the new APUSH course framework is trying to do so that teachers and students don’t have to be tied to long lists of specifics in order to learn how to ‘do’ history.
Hey Senator, I heard the point dropped by – sorry you missed it.
d. America’s founding documents that contributed to the foundation or maintenance of America’s representative form of limited government, free-market economic system, and American exceptionalism,
Look at those magic words – “limited government”, “free-market economic system”, and “American exceptionalism.” And only three letters and thousands of vaguely defined documents into the list!
All three of these are defensible elements of America’s founding ideals. All three are relevant and important, although surely even the Senator recognizes the negative connotations permanently latched onto the third.
But they are elements, not delineators. And – like “States’ Rights”, “Don’t Tread on Me”, or “But He Was Resisting Arrest” – they are currently all buzzwords for the furthest right wing of the Republican Party.
That’s fine – believe what you believe. But let’s not dance around the linguistics – we want a more pro-American, less nuanced version of U.S. History. We want overt indoctrination, not critical thinking or multiple viewpointed education.
e. objects of historical significance that have formed and influenced the United States’ legal or governmental system and that exemplify the development of the rule of law, including but not limited to the Magna Carta, the Mecklenburg Declaration, the Ten Commandments, and the Justinian Code,
I must confess I regret a life devoid of the Mecklenburg Declaration and the Justinian Code. It’s left my classroom a sad and intellectually desolate place. All that time spent wasted trying to help them read or understand common themes running throughout our brief democracy. Oh, what could have been… *sigh*
f. U.S. Supreme Court decisions,
All of them? Ever? Could we at least narrow it down to your Top 100? I’ve labored annually to narrow my list of must-cover cases and still have a list that’s both too long and woefully inadequate. It just can’t be done in the current structure.
Plus, who cares? How many Supreme Court cases can you name and explain? How are YOU doing in the so-called ‘real world’?
Before considering this bill, could we at least identify which specific districts and teachers are teaching U.S. History – especially AP – without any founding documents, presidential speeches, Federalist Papers, or Supreme Court decisions? Is that happening anywhere in the state by anyone?
Thank god the Senator hates books so much or the next law would be for English class mandating students read every great book ever written (well, at least the ones without any dirty parts) or we’ll yank AP Literature, too.
Let’s skip down the list and see what awaits us. Are you scared? Me too!
(18) at least a complete overview of the book entitled “Democracy in America” by Alexis de Tocqueville,
Hey, Senator – or anyone educated in favor of this bill – what’s THIS book about? It’s on your list. None of you have read this – come on, admit it!
And what exactly is a ‘complete overview’? Do you mean ‘watch the movie’?
(19) the document known as “Declaration of Sentiments” by Elizabeth Cady Stanton,
To his credit, the Senator has included a document calling for the equality of women. Now I KNOW he hasn’t read his own list.
(34) portions of the book entitled “The Grapes of Wrath” by John Steinbeck,
Ha! “Portions.” What do you bet other “portions” will be specifically banned?
(45) “I Have a Dream” speech by Martin Luther King, Jr.,
(46) “The Ballot or the Bullet” speech by Malcolm X,
Interesting choices out of all of the options for these two, but I’ll let that go for now. Besides, I’m genuinely surprised and impressed Brother Malcolm made this list at all.
School districts shall permit teachers to display grade-level appropriate excerpts from or copies of the documents, writings, speeches, proclamations or records listed in this subsection in school classrooms and school building common areas as appropriate.
Shall permit? There’s currently a ban on this? Or are we writing legislation to solve problems which don’t exist? Oh, right…
SECTION 3. It being immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health and safety, an emergency is hereby declared to exist, by reason whereof this act shall take effect and be in full force from and after its passage and approval.
Let’s assume for a moment you disagree with everything else I’ve said. You think the College Board is out to eat our young and that the only worthwhile function of public schools is to indoctrinate kids in good old fashioned Old Testament and ‘Merican values.
Can you honestly say with a straight face that long-announced and relatively minor adjustments in an AP course outline create an immediate threat to public peace, health, and safety? That there is, in fact, an EMERGENCY along those lines?
Here’s a different definition of ‘emergency’ I’d suggest instead: Oklahoma begins undermining Advanced Placement across the state, making it harder for our students to get into college or to be prepared for college when they do. On the outside chance we create some sort of off-brand faux-AP course, no one not required by state law to do so would acknowledge it as legit. Believe what you like about the College Board – they get kids ready for college and help get them in, whether through test scores or by simply having taken the courses.
Oklahoma is at the bottom of every educational scale – funding, outcomes, reputation. I get that no one in political leadership gives the tiniest fake damn about me or my kids or what any of us are trying to accomplish. I long ago gave up asking for improvement or support. But are we really going to try so very hard to find bizarre new ways to make it even worse?
The House version of the bill is even longer and weirder. I’ll get to it soon, I hope.
OkEd, get well soon – this is too much for me to ‘shoulder.’
Before I go off on my trademark character assassination and sarcastic diatribes regarding pending legislation in the hallowed halls of the Oklahoma legislature, I thought it might be helpful to bring the non-history teacher-types up to speed on just what the fuss is about.
Unlike the easy accessibility of Sally Kern’s “Use Shock Therapy on Gay Teens” bill or our state guidelines for which angry white men we’ll send to the new Constitutional Convention to rewrite that sorry remnant of darker times (because our current leaders are SO much smarter than the Framers and besides what could possibly go wrong?), contention over something as specific as an AP curriculum can be a bit bewildering for those not walking daily in that world.
What exactly IS the kerfuffle with the ‘new’ College Board Advanced Placement U.S. History (APUSH) course and exam?
The short version is that the College Board decided a few years ago to move away from a ‘Know Way Way Lots of Stuff and be Able to Apply that Knowledge Effectively’ model to a ‘Know Lots of Stuff and Learn to Think About it from Different Perspectives AND Apply that Knowledge Effectively’ model in APUSH. They wanted to give AP teachers and students the opportunity to ‘go deep’ and practice analytical thinking without being limited by the overarching need to memorize every fact ever.
The shift was not without detractors; history teachers (especially those AP-types) love to argue and hand-wring and bluster about what’s truly important and what should be assessed and how and OMG I’ll have to revise a few of my lesson plans.
I work and socialize with quite a few AP-types, most of whom are smarter and cooler than me. After a drink or seven, many would admit that if it were up to them, they’d tweak this part or refocus on that other thing or whatever. I feel the same way about pretty much every PLC data-goal or family vacation plan I’ve ever been a part of shaping. That’s the nature of anything designed for such a variety of teachers in such a wide range of circumstances – you won’t entirely please everyone.
But none of the ones I’ve spoken with HATE IT. None of them find it un-American or insufficiently rigorous. Yes, some of my friends and colleagues are – for all practical purposes – godless Socialists, but others are surprisingly conservative. They teach the course, they labor over their students’ successes and failures in class and on the exams, and many travel the country training and listening to other APUSH teachers’ opinions and concerns as well.
Even if they DID hate it, it would perfectly appropriate for them to say so, because they have what we in the education world like to call “some f*cking clue what’s going on.” They have a right to whatever opinions they choose because they have credibility. Legitimacy. They’re involved in the process and impacted by the results. They’re the ones actually doing the ‘do’.
Texas, a few months ago, decided the new framework was insufficiently patriotic. The idea that there might be other interpretations or other points of view when it comes to Manifest Destiny, interventions in other nations, internal social or political movements, or whatever, seemed blatantly un-American to some. More flag-waving and less thinking was demanded. Or else.
And to be fair, we do have a tendency when running from one extreme to embrace the opposite error. There’s no need to teach American history as a series of travesties and genocides based on hypocritical ideals just to offset a little red, white, and blue truthiness. Surely there’s a balance, yes?
But that’s the rub, isn’t it? It’s impossible to teach entirely neutral history. The range of facts and information is too broad to include EVERYTHING ever, and even if we could, a string of people and events completely free of narrative is both pointless and impossible to remember. Every teacher in every subject makes choices about what to cover and how to cover it, while trying to be as balanced and aware of our own biases as possible.
It’s amusing to think there’s a genuine fear that the same kid I can’t CONVINCE to keep an agenda or that there’s value in learning to paraphrase might become unwittingly locked into a lifetime of twisted socio-political dogma based on which Jefferson quotes I selected for a quiz.
But I digress.
The point is that no matter what the curriculum includes, there will be MORE it does NOT.
History teachers deal with this all the time, at every level. One of the science teachers in my building REVELS in asking his kids where Geronimo is buried, or about the Pioneer Woman statue, or Reba McEntire, or that one time in 1973 the governor did that one crazy thing. They have no idea, and he accosts me a few times a week about what we’re teaching in Oklahoma History if we’re not including Geronimo & Co.
History is the story of everything that’s ever happened anywhere ever, and why, and how it all fits together in every possible direction and combination. So, yeah – we make judgment calls. We’re usually wrong.
How many books do you currently own and fully intend to read because you absolutely must and really want to? How often are you casually quizzed regarding a movie or TV show only to be assailed by some form of “OMG! I can’t believe you haven’t SEEN ______________!?! I thought EVERYONE-how-could-you-not-do-this-one-drop-everything-now-why-do-you-hate-America?!?
And you already know how to read books and watch TV. What if you had to be helped to read or watch each one meaningfully along the way? It might take a while. Some might not get covered. Hopefully, however, you’d end up with the tools and background knowledge to eventually watch or read most anything without my still being there explaining as we go. You may even choose different books and shows to watch, or interpret them in ways other than I do.
THAT’s what we call “hating America”. That’s what Texas, and now Oklahoma, want to protect you from. Senator Brecheen and Representative Fisher want to legislate a list of documents which must be covered above all else because they’re the MOST American documents. The BEST American documents, presumably.
And there’s a butt-load of them.
The problem isn’t anything ON the lists; it’s the pre-printing press focus on rote regurgitation of sacred texts, as if we’re not in this to awaken students or create informed citizens, but to indoctrinate followers. The punishments for straying – for violating the tenets of the sacred texts – are the same punishments as always. They’ll pull even more of our funding. Being a teacher in Oklahoma is like being the girlfriend of a low level mobster – you get slapped around and their answer to everything is to cut your meager allowance, then you’re always in trouble for not looking prettier and happier.
I’ll carry on about the specifics of the bills and the credibility of those involved soon. Let me leave you with just a tiny little preview of how much fun it could be:
There’s a kerfuffle going on in Texas (again) and Colorado (huh?) regarding the level of flag-waving patriotism in history textbooks and curriculums, including APUSH. The short version is this:
The Patriotic Upstanding Americans are upset that these damned liberal touchy-feely freedom-haters twist everything to make it look like all the U.S. has ever done is exploit and enslave everyone. Every new textbook will be titled “Why the Terrorists are Right” or “Let’s Get High and Have Lots of Gay Sex.” The Patriots would like more emphasis on the undeniable accomplishments of U.S. History. American schools should be shaping good American citizens, not future leaders of North Korea.
And in their defense, it does sometimes seem like political correctness requires back-writing a level of cultural and philosophical pluralism that just wasn’t always there. However multicultural we’d like to be, it’s hard to give equal time to the contributions of Islamic Puerto Rican Handicapable Vegans to the Second Industrial Revolution. Early American History requires some understanding of Protestantism, and Capitalism – both of which were woven into lots of important lives and ideas. Let’s not run from that.
The Modern Liberal Academics are upset that these flag-waving right-wing extremists want to whitewash American history to feed their predetermined paradigm of American Exceptionalism. There’s something Orwellian (or at least Valdimir Putinian) about euphemizing (or simply ignoring) travesties like slavery, genocide, and Woodrow Wilson. The Academics would like more emphasis on effective questioning and understanding multiple points of view. American schools should be shaping good world citizens ready to confront things of which we cannot yet conceive, not drones painted red, white, and blue.
And in their defense, they’re right.
Every curriculum, every textbook, every teacher in every class makes judgments (consciously or not) about what’s important and what it means. We can try to reduce that bias, but if I assign Shakespeare instead of Marlowe, I’m making a judgment. If I choose eight Supreme Court cases through which to explore the judicial process, I’m suggesting some big issues are more important than others. It’s just how it is.
We can’t teach everything. Heck, many days we’re not sure we can teach the basics. Decisions have to be made, and some conflict is appropriate.
But this goes beyond that.
This is about choosing narratives. Choosing the guiding stories for what we teach and how we teach it. That’s a debate worth having. There are infinite possible ways to frame our history, most well beyond my pay grade or blogging ability.
So I’ll talk about Superman.
The Man of Steel was for generations the prototypical American icon. He had pretty much all powers – strength, speed, flying, moral fiber, good hair… he even managed to go back in time once or twice. Yeah, there was kryptonite, but that’s not even a flaw – it’s a weakness to something so rare as to be almost impossible to wield.
Superman was perfect.
The version I grew up with was part of the Superfriends on Saturday morning cartoons. He worked with Batman and Wonder Woman and some zany space teens with a monkey. I watched the show, but I never ‘got’ Superman. I was never a big fan of Batman, either. I mean, sure, he’s dark and tormented, but he’s also bursting with wealth, intelligence, training, intimidation, and bringing on the suave. I’ve only got, like THREE of those things – so kinda hard to relate, you know?
I liked Aquaman.
Sure, they played him up like an equal on the show, but let’s face it – the man breathes underwater and coordinates fish. Years later they gave him a hook and some sharks and stuff, but that’s not the guy I connected with. The guy I connected with was almost absurd in his uselessness 99% of the time. He dressed badly and had no business hanging with that Hawk-Fellow or the Green Lantern, let alone the Last Son of Krypton.
Thing is, if you needed someone to go way, way underwater – hot OR cold – or talk to fish VERY persuasively, Arthur Curry was your man. Supes could run like Flash, fly like – well, everyone, see through things or melt them with his eyes – but he couldn’t convince fish to be useful on his BEST DAY. Neither could Batman with all his gadgets and pale young wards.
Aquaman may not have been good for much, but he filled an absolutely unique and essential role. Trying to make him more than that diminishes him in the worst well-intentioned way.
Marvel caught on long before DC that flawed heroes were essential for connecting to readers, a mindset reflected in subsequent movies. Spiderman, X-Men, even Guardians of the Galaxy – we connect with them not because they shoot ice out of their palms or use a nuclear heart to fly around in a metal suit, but because they’re people. Messy ones, even.
Some are rather loveable, some you wouldn’t let your daughter date, and some are quite loathsome much of the time. The best of them do foolish, selfish, or stupid things, and the worst win your affection sporadically until they go back to being naughty. They interact in unexpected ways, and they learn and grow and try and fail and sometimes they’re awesome. Inspirational.
We learn about them, and ourselves, and we think big interesting thoughts as a result. That’s the whole point.
Why can we not allow Thomas Jefferson the same intellectual and moral complexity we accept in Mystique? Why accommodate a Batman who does dark twisted things so soccer moms feel safe but insist on ‘hero’ or ‘villain’ labels for Andrew Jackson or Malcolm X? Can we not accept that real people – who lived monumental lives and did big stuff – might be at least as unpredictable as Magneto or Malcolm Reynolds?
My students can be a bit dense, but they’re not stupid. They’ll willingly regurgitate whatever they’ve been told regarding George Washington or Martin Luther King, Jr., but they don’t really believe in the Superman version of either of them. Trying to deify any of our American pantheon just breeds even further contempt for whatever lessons we attach or slogans we recite.
You can’t narrow the gap between young people and American ideals by doing a better job bullsh*tting them.
In the same way that the people around you are so much more meaningful, useful, interesting, when they allow you to see something beyond the façade… in the same way heroes are far more heroic when you know what a mess they are, but they keep trying to do the right thing anyway… our history, our icons, our story resonates far more – not less – when we do our best to lay it all out there as whatever it is.
We’ve done some great things which should not be downplayed or ignored based on the bad parts. We’ve committed atrocities which should not be marginalized based on the lofty rhetoric employed while committing them. America is supposedly of-the-by-the-for-the people – and people are messy.
Teach it like it happened, as best we can. Our kids will get it. If we do it right, those ideals will resonate with them far more powerfully as a result.